[Note: the original Chinese version of this document was internally circulated within Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region security authorities, and obtained and translated into English by Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center]

OVERVIEW OF INNER MONGOLIAN SEPARATIST ORGANIZATIONS ABROAD

I. “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” and the basic facts about its key members

1. Historical background

As early as in the 1980s, Xi Haiming (Mongolian name Temtselt Shobshuud – translator), Huchuntogus (Ch. Hu Qing Te Gu Si), Wang Manglai (Ch. Wang Man Lai) and Hada were already discussing, while studying at universities in Hohhot, the issue of establishment of a political party for Mongolians in Inner Mongolia. At the time, they were intending to inherit the name of the historical “Inner Mongolian People’s Revolution Party,” and to use the name “The New “Inner Mongolian People’s Party””, or shortly, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”. Later on, involved individuals from the eastern parts of Inner Mongolia requested that after the forming of the party, the task of Inner Mongolian independence should be empathized on the eastern parts. Those from the western parts argued that it should be opposite, as the western parts more representative of the Mongol culture, and are lesser influenced by the Chinese culture, in addition to the fact that Chinggis Khan passed away in the west. They insisted that the party leaders should mainly come from the west. The debate continued, and they could not come to a final conclusion. Afterwards, Huchuntogus returned to Ikh Juu League, and established “The Ordos Association of Ethnic Culture”; Hada and some others established “The Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance” to work for independence for eastern Inner Mongolia; Xi Haiming and others fled abroad. Later on, with the support of the United States, and based on the previous discussions, they official formed the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” (IMPP) in New York, in March, 1997.

More than 50 Inner Mongolians from Germany, Japan, United States, Canada, and Mongolia have attended the first congress of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” as members. Xi Haiming was elected as the President of the party, Bache Vice President, Oyunbilig General Secretary, and the organization was headquartered in the US. The first conference passed the constitution of the party, which stated the party’s guiding principles as “to uphold the principles of democracy and peace in fighting to end the Chinese Communist Party's colonial rule in Inner Mongolia,” and “the ultimate goal of the IMPP is to achieve the independence of Inner Mongolia.”. The conference also agreed on the party flag, and issued and distributed “A Open Letter to the People of Inner Mongolia.”

After the conference, Xi Haiming and Bache visited Mongolian embassy to the US in Washington DC to meet the embassy official Perleetseren, and to have a dinner together.

2. Party Members and Leaders

Members of the party are numbered around 1,000. They are consisted mainly of Mongols who were immigrated to the US from former Soviet, Mongolia, Taiwan and Inner Mongolia.

Some facts about the key members are as followed:

Xi Haiming (Temtselt)

Xi Haiming was born in August, 1956. Originally from Naiman Banner of Tongliao City. Current address: 29, Schimnok Street, Koln, Germany.

A biographical note:

1971 – 1975, studied at Hohhot High School No. 2;

1975 – 1978, lived in countryside in Eastern Sunid Banner, Shilingol League;

1978 – 1982, studied at the Department of History, Inner Mongolia Normal University;

1982 – 1990, unemployed, and opened up a bookstore;

1991 - 1992, fled to Mongolia;

1992 – present, lived in Germany.

Major social connections:

( Due to privacy concerns, 6 lines of original article here have been deleted --- Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center )

Xi Haiming’s main activities:

Xi Haiming was one of the organizers during the 1982 Inner Mongolian student movement against the document No. 28 of the Central Committee of CPC.

On April 6, 1993, as an exiled representative of the “Inner Mongolian League for Defence of Human Rights”, Xi Haiming met Foukernorman, member of Germany’s parliament and the Vice President of the Commission on Human Rights and Charity. He claimed that “the human rights group was established in Inner Mongolia in 1987, and there were 20 members. Currently some of them are in exile abroad, and some have been imprisoned by Chinese government.” He asked for the support of the international human rights organizations.

On June, 13, West Asian nationalists gathered in Istanbul, Turkey to inaugurate the birth of “Eastern Turkestani News”. As the European representative to Inner Mongolian National Libration Front”, Xi Haiming sent telegraph of congratulations to the event.

On September 13, Xihaiming attended the “World Mongol Conference” in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. During the conference, he distributed anti-revolutionary leaflets entitled “Protest the Chinese oppression of Mongols in Inner Mongolia”.

November, 22, as the president of “Inner Mongolian People’s Libration Front”, Xi Haiming attended the fourth conference of the “Allied Committee” organized by the ethnic separatists of Tibet, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia in Munich, Germany. Xi Haiming was elected as one of the leaders of the committee.

In July, 1994, after the conviction of the separatist figures, Ulaanshobuu (Ch. Wu Lan Shao Bu), Xi Haiming actively contacted the Amnesty International, and through the organization, he tried to put pressure on the leaders of our region, by making complaints of injustice.

On October 16, Xi made a special trip from Germany to the United States to attend the “International Conference on East Turkestan, Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Taiwan” at Columbia University.

July, 1995, during the visit of Jiang Zimin to Germany, Xi Haiming attempted to raise the Inner Mongolian issue at the press conference to the attention of Chinese government, but with no success. In September the same year, prior to the opening of the World Women’s Conference in Beijing, the Dalai clique and organizations in the US and Germany contacted him to ask if he has anything that they could help him put forward at the conference, and suggested him to send delegates to attend the conference.

In January, 1996, “World Mongolian Union” and other Mongolian groups abroad held the second preparatory meeting for the “World Mongol Gathering” in 1998. Main topics of the meeting included: to draw up the contents of democratic movement in Inner Mongolia in 1998; to set up a foundation which will be consisted of US institutions and will support Inner Mongolian “democratic movement”; to design a flag of an “independent Inner Mongolia”.

In February of the same year, a number of expatriate Mongolians and some Americans who support Inner Mongolian independence, have found in Indiana, USA, an organization that was focused on Mongolian regions in China – “21^st Century Mongolian Independence Initiators’ Group”, or shortly “33 Persons Group”. Xi Haiming was elected as a member of the central committee of the “33 Persons Group”. The group has also drew up its “constitution” and “action plan”.

March, 20, 1997, with the suggestion of Xi Haiming and others, a closed-door meeting was held in Princeton, USA. More than 50 participants came from USA, Germany, and Inner Mongolia and other Mongol regions in China. “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” was officially established at the meeting, and Xi Haiming was elected as President. The headquarters of the party were set up the US. Later on, branches were set up in Germany, Mongolia, Russian Buryat republic, and Great Britain, and extended its organization into China. The meeting also passed the constitution of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, and issued “An Open Letter to the People of Inner Mongolia”.

In August, at the instigation of people including Xi Haiming, the European Parliament passed the “Resolution concerning the present situation in Inner Mongolia and the conviction of the founder of the ‘Southern Mongolian Democracy Alliance’, Mr. Hada”. Xi Haiming immediately told the news to other separatist and pointed out that the case is “not just about legal issues, but also about political and ethnic problems.”

On 25, February, 1998, the Taiwanese Independence Joint Party, World Taiwanese Association, Green Party and the Nation-Building Party invited the Dalai Lama’s brother Tayi Rinpoche Thupden, founder of Eastern Turkestani Liberty Center, Aniwar Yusuf, and the vice president of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, Bache, to Taiwan to participate in activities including the remembrance of “28, February” and the “Discussion on Independence and Self-determination”, etc. During the time, head of Taiwan’s Legislative Committee, Liu Sungpan and the then Mayor of Taipei, Chen Shuipien met with the delegates. In February, 1992, delegates from Germany, UK, France, and Denmark had gathered on the bank of Rhine River, and Xi Haiming had attended this meeting. The meeting discussed a lobbying during the United Nations Conference on Human Rights in Geneva. Xi Haiming wrote up a “Report on Human Rights in Inner Mongolia” and handed it over to the conference. Since 1999, Xi Haiming has constantly made phone calls to the key separatist figures in our region, and encouraged them to take actions. He said: “you cannot just to wait for me. The Uyghurs came to people’s attention only after they used bombs. Nowadays, when people discuss issues, Inner Mongolia is always scheduled in the very end. Under this circumstance, how can I be making bricks without straws? I think our people inside should be get moving and making some noises. Except a few people such as Hada, while Uyghurs using knives and bombs, what we Inner Mongolians are doing is only to tolerate.”

Bache

Bache was born in March, 1955 in Bortala, Xinjiang. Bache used to be a member of the Communist Party of China. He went abroad on official duty in 1990, and did not return. At present he is a visiting scholar with the East Asian Institute at Columbia University, and is specialized on ethnic minority issues in China. As a former vice president of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, Bache is one of the key members of ethnic separatist groups.

A biographical note:

1962 – 1972, taught respectively at Elementary School No. 6 and the Middle School No. 2;

1972 – 1975, served in the army at the Kujtaj border post in Xinjiang;

1975 – 1982, studied at Department of History, Qufu Teachers’College, Shandong, China;

1982 – 1990, worked at Department of History, Xinjiang Academy of Social Science.

Main social connections:

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In 1988, Bache was introduced to the Prince of Denmark who was visiting Xinjiang and accompanied him to travel in Bayangol and Bortal Mongolian regions. The prince was aware that there are some Mongolian documents in the library of Denmark needed translation and he thought that Bache is a right person for the job as he knew both Mongolian language and history. Upon returning to Denmark, the prince sent Bache an invitation. In 1990, Bache went to Denmark through official channels. Later, he went to the US and worked with Columbia University as a researcher.

Main activities of Bache:

After arriving in the US, Bache colluded with the Western anti-China forces and the ethnic separatists who fled our region, and actively engaged in activities aimed at Inner Mongolia.

On October 16, 1994, Bache attended the International Conference on East Turkistan, Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Taiwan at Columbia University as an Inner Mongolian delegate. On 24 May, 1995, under the name of the president of “Mongolian Association of Human Rights”, Bache sent a congratulatory letter to the conference of “Chinese Democratic United Front”. Between 20 and 23 of March, 1997, Bache colluded with the separatists who fled our region such as Oyunbilig, Xi Haiming, and Altanbat, under the name of “Southern Mongolian Freedom Movement”, held a secret meeting in Princeton, USA. Funded by the “33 Persons Group” and having the US orchestrating behind the curtain, at the meeting they discussed their strategies about the Inner Mongolian “human rights” and “ethnic issues”, the issue of establishing “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” and the drawing of the party’s constitution. At the meeting, Bache distributed his articles “A Study on the Case of IMPRP during Cultural Revolution”, “Nine Ideas on the Resolution of the Mongolian Issue in China” and “The Pattern of the Future Federation of China and the Mongolian Issue”. On 24 March, Bache accompanied Xi Haiming and Altanbat to Washington DC, to hand over a press release on the establishment of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” to the Voice of America.

The views of Bache:

Since 1995, Bache has written many articles and distributed them at international events and published them in various magazines. His main works include “The Harmful Impact of China’s Nuclear Tests to the Mongolians”, (“China Spring”, October, 1995); “Nine Ideas on the Resolution of Mongolian Issues in China” (“China Spring”, November, 1995); “A Study on the case of IMPRP during Cultural Revolution” (Beijing Spring, January, 1996); “Pattern of the Future Federation of China and the Mongolian Issue” (distributed at the conference in Princeton, March, 1997); “Crossing the Western Border; Expect No Good Sorts” (26, March, 1997, “World Daily”, Taiwan); “The Darkest Corner of Mainland China” (“China Spring”, April, 1997) and “50 Years of Turmoil in Inner Mongolia” (“Debate”, May, 1997).

Opinions of Bache could be summarized as the following:

1. Mongolia has always been an independent nation historically, and China “has totally destroyed the Mongolian system of religion and state”, and divided and disintegrated Demchogdongrub’s (known as “Teh Wang” in recent history – trans.) movement for independence and self-rule, and the government of “constitutional monarchy”. Inner Mongolia Autonomous region was established thus.

2. The fifty years of Inner Mongolia is a “fifty years of turmoil”. It is a fifty years during which “the conflict and hatred between the Chinese and the Mongols continually escalated for half a century”.

3. “The independence of Mongolia has always been a headache for China”. There is no genuine autonomy in Inner Mongolia and the main reason for Inner Mongolian turmoil is the oppression of the Chinese communists”. “Population transfer and assimilation” are important reasons for worsening of the relationship between the Chinese and the Mongols. Ever since the establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on May 1, 1947, this part of Mongolian grassland has been flooded with violence, turmoil, poverty, and hatred,” and it made the Mongolians determined to “resist the ethnic oppression to save their own nation, and ultimately to gain full independence by uniting all Mongols from various regions.” The “tiny spark of the fire of independence” in Inner Mongolia is about to lit up the prairie.

4. Based on the international circumstance and the special condition of China being a major power, “under the condition of ethnic self-determination, federation or confederation should be practiced.”

Bache’s main articles published:

1. “The Darkest Corner of Mainland China” (“China Spring”, April, 1997);

2. “Crossing the Western Border; Expect No Good Sorts” (26, March, 1997, “World Daily”, Taiwan);

3. “A Study on the case of IMPRP during Cultural Revolution” (Beijing Spring, January, 1996);

4. “Nine Ideas on the Resolution of Mongolian Issues in China” (distributed at the Conference on the Future Structure of China’s Constitutional System”, between March 31 and April 2, and was also printed in “China Spring”, October, 1995);

5. “Fifty Years of Turmoil in Inner Mongolia” (15 March, 1997);

6. “The Harmful Impact of China’s Nuclear Tests to the Mongolians”, (“China Spring”, November, 1995);

7. “The Pattern of the Future Federation of China and the Mongolian Issue” (15 February, 1997);

8. “One State, Two Systems and the Question of Ethnicity”

9. “'Inner Mongolian People’s Party' Politically Challenges the Chinese Communist Party” (9 July 1999);

10. “The Absurd Theories of Chinese Chauvinism” (26 July, 1998);

11. “The Obsolete Ideas of Unification of Greater China” (28 July 1998);

12. “Religious Belief in Inner Mongolia: No Freedom But Destroying and Persecution” (30 August, 1998);

13. “The Inner Mongolia Model: The Trick of Slavery Rule”;

14. “Pluralistic Culture of the Mongols” (8, July, 1998);

15. “Difference of the Mongols and the Chinese”, “12, July, 1998);

16. “The Inspiration of the ‘Declaration of Independence’ for Inner Mongolians”

Oyunbilig (Ch. Wu Yun Bi Li Ge)

Oyunbilig, previously known as Yong Hong, was born on June 1, 1968 in Toli Sum in Uushin Banner, Ikh Juu League of Inner Mongolia.

A biographical note:

September, 1976 – July, 1983, studied at Toli Sum Elementary School in Uushin Banner, Ikh Juu League;

September, 1983 – July, 1986, studied at the Middle School attached to the Inner Mongolia Normal University;

September, 1986 – July, 1990, studied at Engineering Section, Department of Mechanics at Peking University;

August, 1990 – October, 1994, worked with the Institute No. 4, Chinese Ministry of Aerospace (Room 15, Section 41, Hexi Company)

In October, 1994, he went to the Mongolia for private reasons, and from Mongolia to the US. Currently he resides in Maryland. He works at the company that is privately owned by Enkhe Chimod from Taiwan, and mainly does computer business.

His current address is:

Oyunbilig

Summer Sweet CI

Germantown MD 20876

USA

Tel.（301）515-6364

Oyunbilig’s major social connections:

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Oyunbilig’s main activities abroad:

After arriving in the US, Oyunbilig actively involved in the ethnic separatist movement and established organizations such as “Southern Mongolian Freedom Alliance” to carry out activities targeting Inner Mongolia. On April 30, 1998, along with Erdenibat and others, under the name of “Southern Mongolian Freedom Alliance”, he went on a 49-hour hunger strike and sit-in in front of the General Consul of China in New York. They requested the release of so called “over 30 Mongolian students and intellectuals who were arrested by the Chinese government since December, 1995.” They claimed that “although an autonomous region was established, so called autonomy is merely just a label. The Chinese Communist Party imposes restrictions on activities to promote Mongolian history and culture.  We decided to start this hunger strike at 12:00 noon, April 30, or 24:00 on May 1 in Beijing. The reason is to remember those Mongols who were killed by the Chinese since the establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on May 1, 1947.”

In January, 1997, Oyunbilig once again organized a demonstration in New York, USA, to protest the arrest of Mongolian intellectuals in Inner Mongolia, and requested the release of Hada, Tegshi (Ch. Te Ge Xi) and others. On March 20, 1997, Oyunbilig and others, with the support of “33 Persons Group”, under the name of the “Southern Mongolian Freedom Alliance”, held a meeting in Princeton and gave a speech. Oyunbilig also had a meeting with the head of the Asian section of the human rights commission of the US Congress. Along with Xi Haiming and others, Oyunbilig established the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, and was elected as the first secretary general. After the reorganization of the party at its third conference, he became the executive director. Oyunbilig is the creator of the IMPP’s official website and he also initiated as well as participated in the writing of “An Open Letter to the People of Inner Mongolia” and IMPP’s constitution and publicized them on the Internet.

Enkhbat – Assistant Secretary

Enkhbat (Ch. En He Ba Tu) was born in Bairin Right Banner, Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia in 1972. He was graduated from the Department of Mongolian at Inner Mongolia University. In 1998, he went to Japan to studied Sociology at Kibi International University. In October the same year, he went to the United States, and currently lives in New York City.

Munkh Altanbat - IMPP’s US West Coast Branch in-charge

Altanbat was born on October 15, 1943 in Morin-Davaa Daguur and Orchun Autonomous Banner, Hulun-Boir League of Inner Mongolia,. In 1962, he went to Mongolia while he was a student of the Middle School attached to Inner Mongolia Normal University. In 1972, he graduated from the Russian Department at the State University of Mongolia. Between 1972 and 1990, he taught Russian in Tarialan Sum, Uvs Aimag, Mongolia. From 1990 to 1997, taught Chinese at the College of Foreign Languages at State University of Mongolia and Otgon-Tengger College. At the same time, he also worked for the Voice of America as a special correspondent in Mongolia region. In October 1997, he went to the United States to seek political asylum. Currently, he is a journalist and writer. He wrote a large number of articles illustrating the miserable life of Mongols under the rule of the Chinese Communist Party, and the Mongols’ struggle for freedom and independence. His family is a member family of Amnesty International Mongolian Branch. Altanbat is also an initiator and founder of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”. Right after the establishment of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, he submitted a report to Voice of America on the establishment of the party.

D. Muren

Muren was born on January 11, 1964 in Bairin Right Banner, Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia. Before went to Mongolia, he was the head of Cultural Relic Station of Sunid Right Banner Cultural Bureau, and lived in Saihantal Township, Sunid Right Banner, Shiliin-gol League.

A biographical note:

1964 - 1971, stayed at home;

1971 - 1976, studied at Achit-uul Elementary School of Sunid Right Banner;

1976 - 1979, studied at Sunid Right Banner Mongolian Middle School;

1979 - 1981, studied at Huhhot City Mongolian High School;

1982 - 1983, taught at Urgental Elementary School of Sunid Right Banner;

1983 - 1986, studied at the Department of History at Inner Mongolia Normal University;

1986 - 1988, worked with the Historical Record Office of government of Sunid Right Banner;

1988 - 1990, worked at the Cultural Relic Station of Sunid Right Banner Cultural Bureau;

September 20, 1990, went to Mongolia;

Family members:

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Major social connections:

At home:

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Abroad:

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In Mongolia, D. Muren has organized the Demchegdongrov Association and brought it into the Southern Mongolian Coordination Club. On May 3, 1992, he attended a clandestine meeting organized by the State Library of Mongolia, discussing the “unification of Three Mongolia”. The meeting called on “all of Mongolian descendents to fight for the revitalization and unity of the Mongol nation.” The meeting also suggested an adjustment in strategy, saying that the main things that need to be done for the “Three Mongolia Unification” movement at the current stage would be to advertise on the spirit of Chinggis Khaan, to ideologically and culturally unify the Mongols prior to the fight for independences of Inner Mongolia and Buryatia, ultimately unifying the whole Mongolia.

On May 17, 1992, D. Muren wrote, under the name of “Inner Mongolian Youth Center”, the “Message to the People of the World” which claimed the people of Inner Mognolia have been fighting for forty years, enduring great sufferings violation of their hopes. He called on the Mongolian students to actively join the “contemporary free students organization --- Demchegdongrov Association” to support Inner Mongolian students.

In June 1992, he completed his book “Human Rights in Inner Mongolia”, in which he claimed that “recently, in the wake of international community’s increasing attentions to the human rights situation in China, human rights issues of Inner Mongolia are also calling attentions of human rights organizations around the world. One can see how miserable the life of the Mongols under the Han-Chinese regime is. The Mongols in the region have no freedom of speech, press, and birth. Rights to traveling to abroad, communicating with others, changing their residences, are also restricted”.

On September 13, 1993, D. Muren attended the “World Mongolians Conference” held in Ulaanbaatar.

On December 27, 1991, D. Muren took the lead of the demonstration in front of the Chinese Embassy to Mongolia, and published anti-China articles on Mongolian media, expressing his feelings of hostility toward China.

D. Muren has repeatedly attacked the Chinese Communist Party’s ethnic policy when he published articles on Mongolian newspapers and given interviews to news media. Right after the establishment of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” in the United States, D. Muren with others eagerly acted in responses, and established the Mongolian Branch of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, and he became the head of the branch.

August 27, 2000, D. Muren left Mongolia for a resettlement in Sweden. At his request, human rights groups helped him complete the immigration procedure to Sweden, provided him with a plane ticket and 2,000 US dollars, and agreed to pay for his living cost for a year before he is able to take care of himself.

D. Muren said his plan is to firstly overcome the language barrier in a year and become economically independent. He said, no matter what he will be doing for a living, it is his life-time commitment to fight against the Chinese, and this commitment will include two parts: firstly, to fight for the Southern Mongolian human rights and to strengthen the struggle for Southern Mongolian human rights; secondly, to fight to protect the national independence and territorial integrity of the current state of Mongolia. He states, to accomplish this commitment two tasks must be done: firstly, to expose “China’s ambition in invading Mongolia” to the Mongols of the independent Mongolia; secondly, to reveal “China’s ambition to exterminate Mongolian culture and make Mongolia a province of China following its invasion of Mongolia” to the people around the world.

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Family members and social connections:

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Main activities:

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Erdenbat

Erdenbat was born in November 1962 in Urad Middle Banner of Inner Mongolia. Currently he lives in the United States, and is a key member of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”.

A biographical note:

September 1972 - July 1977, studied at Primary School No. 2 in Urad Middle Banner, Bayannuur League;

September 1977 - July 1980, studied at Urad Middle Banner Mongolian Middle School, Bayannuur League;

September 1980 - July 1983, studied at the High School attached to Inner Mongolia Normal University;

September 1983 - July 1987, studied at the Department of Electronics, Peking University;

September 1987 - May 1992, worked in Bayannur League Science & Technology Bureau;

May 1992 - July 1996, worked with the Inner Mongolian National Emporium;

July 1996 - went to the United States, and currently a permanent resident;

In 1997, he joined the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”.

Family members and social connections:

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3. Leadership Setup and Organizational Division of the IMPP

Leading members

Xi Haiming ( Temtselt ), Oyunbilig, Bache, Tsengelt, Munkbaatar, Qing Song ( a graduate of the High School attached to Inner Mongolia Normal University), Erdenbat, Chagaanbaatar (a Tsinghua graduate), [one person's name is deleted for privacy concerns --SMHRIC], Hurchabaatar, Bulag, Ulaan, (Erdenbat’s wife).

Organizational division:

President: Xi Haiming ( Temtselt );

Executive Director: Oyunbilig;

West-coast Branch Director: Munkh Altanbat.

President of the Party is Temtselt (Xi Haiming), but the real power remains in the hands of Oyunbilig, Erdenbat and Chagaanbaatar who are the influential figures trained by the United States government and intelligence agency. Their detailed responsibilities are:

Temtselt: mainly in charge of networking with organization that work for Tibetans and Uyghurs, and delivering materials to international human rights organizations, for propagating and appealing to the international community;

Oyunbilig: in charge of the communication with the United States government and intelligence agency, recruiting new members, conducting concrete independence activities;

Erdenbat: responsible for the coordination with Mongol-American Cultural Association, and is a vice Secretary General of the Association.

Chagaanbaatar and Bulag: representatives of the IMPP to the Mongol-American Cultural Association (MACA), with open identities as members of MACA. Their mission is, under the cover of Mongolian historical studies, to gather and provide information for the IMPP and MACA.

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Tsengelt: in charge of the communication with Taiwan;

Munkhbaatar: in charge of contacting international NGOs, and assist Oyunbilig on recruitment;

Hurchabaatar: in charge of selecting and training new generations within the border of China.

Japanese Branch:

Since the end of 2000, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” Mongolian Branch leader Khuviskhaalt planned and prepared to establish the Japanese Branch of the IMPP, and transferred Gerelt (worked at Hulun-boir League Party School, and later went to Mongolia), Geser (originally from Bayannuur) from Mongolia to Japan. Gerelt is cooperating with Khuviskhaalt to extend the activities, and Geser is in charge of selecting potential members from Inner Mongolia and transfer them to Japan for activities.

Recruitment policy and goals of the IMPP:

Recruitment policy: Every one whose age is above 20 can become a member of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” if he/she is willing to support Inner Mongolian independence and freedom.

Goals: prevent the new generation of the Inner Mongols from being exterminated by the Chinese Communist Party.

4. Main Activities of the IMPP

On March 20, 1997, at the inaugural meeting of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, party president Xi Haiming gave a speech in Chinese, urged the government of China to improve human rights condition of ethnic Mongols in Inner Mongolia, and requested the release of Hada, Tegshi and others.

Shortly after the establishment of IMPP the United States, some Inner Mongolian key separatists who fled to Mongolia have organized and founded a branch of IMPP in Ulaanbaatar. Leaders of the branch are: Soyolt, D. Muren, Khuviskhaalt; members are: Baldan-odsor, Altanchuluu, Puntsag, Chimeg, Alhaa etc.

This branch has plotted in using Inner Mongolian students in Mongolia to carry promotional materials of IMPP into Inner Mongolia during the fiftieth anniversary of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR). They also planned on recruiting members for IMPP in Inner Mongolia, mainly among students and businessmen.

“An Open Letter to the People of Inner Mongols” claims that “Mongolia was historically an integrated and independent nation.” It falsely accuses the Chinese Communist Party of practicing Han-Chinese chauvinist ethnic policies for half a century, cracking down harshly on the ethnic Mongolian intellectuals and elites. The letter also states that the Chinese Communist Party has used armed forces to secure its special administration in Inner Mongolia, and arrested peaceful demonstrators and sentenced individuals such as Hada and Tegshi to long-term imprisonment.

“Current international environment is very favorable to us. The collapse of communism in former Soviet and Eastern Europe released the force of nationalism, which has long been suppressed, to push forward national liberation movements to a further step. In future China, Inner Mongolian independence movement will become unstoppable”. The letter also said that “when the Mongol nation’s existence is in peril, we must seize this important historical opportunity to fight for the freedom and future of the Mongols. Fate of the Mongols must be created and decided by the Mongols themselves.”

On April 26 - 27, 1997, in order to protest “the Chinese Communist Party’s suppression and exploitation in Inner Mongolia”, members of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” held demonstrations in front of the Chinese embassy to the United States and the United Nations headquarter, later in front of the Chinese Consulate in Houston, the Chinese embassies to Germany and Mongolia.

On July 20, 1997, under the instigation of the “Human Rights in Inner Mongolia” and the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, members of the Mongolian Students Association gathered in Suhbaatar Square in Ulaanbaatar to hold a demonstration, to protest against the 50 years anniversary of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, requesting the immediate release of Hada and Tegshi.

In the mid-August 1997, with Temtselt’s instigation, the European Parliament passed the “Resolution on Inner Mongolia”, condemned the Chinese government’s human rights situation, and requested the Chinese government to re-try Hada’s case under the monitor of international community in order to give the defendants an impartial trial. Shortly later, the European Parliament passed the so-called “Resolution Concerning the Present Situation in Inner Mongolia and the Conviction of Mr. Hada, founder of the ‘Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance’”.

On January 28, 1998, in his telephone conversation with Ulaanshovuu, Xi Haiming mentioned that there occurred some differences and conflicts between him and people around him. He mentioned the fact that his situation abroad isn’t that great, and often he becomes target of misunderstanding and criticism from his friends. Xi Haiming makes regular contacts with Tibetans and Uyghurs in exile, to discuss about carrying on their anti-China and anti-CCP activities, and he actively seeks support from international anti-China forces.

In February 1998, Oyunbilig, one of the key members of the IMPP, left China for Mongolia in 1994. Later on he went to the United States and was recruited by the actions department of CIA. He helps CIA to select new members from Inner Mongolia, transferring them from Inner Mongolia to the United States for trainings. By 1998, four groups had already been recruited and trained.

From February 25 to March 7, 1998, IMPP member Bache, along with Tibetan and “East Turkestani” separatists, on the invitation of World Taiwanese Association (Shi Tai Hui), Taiwanese Independence Alliance, Green Party and Nation-Building Party, visited Taiwan. They met with Liu Songpan, president of the Legislative Committee, Chen Shuipien, the then mayor of Taipei, and participated in a series of events and activities such as: the “Conference of Independence and Self-determination” organized by the “Minchung Daily”, conferences for Tibet issues and Taiwanese future, and some demonstrations. Gao Zilian, president of Mongolian & Tibetan Affairs Commission, said “Non-governmental organizations shouldn’t be interfered from having their own stands, no matter government agrees with it or not.”

On March 23, 1998, when talking to Huchuntogus over the phone from Germany, Xi Haiming expressed his discontent on Huchuntogus’ pessimism and passiveness, and encouraging him to instigate Mongolian youth. He repeatedly urged Huchuntogus to establish a political party.

On April 14, 1998, D. Muren accepted an interview with Mongolian correspondent Ya. Magsarhuu, claiming that “Han-Chinese chauvinism has ideologically occupied Inner Mongolia, Tibet, and East Turkistan” and “especially in Inner Mongolia, every inch of the territory is ruled by the Han-Chinese. Mongols in Ulaanbaatar and around the world should pay attention to the problem”. D. Muren had organized Mongolian youth naadam festivals in Ulaanbaatar and on the shore of the lake Baikal in 1991 and 1992 respectively. In 1997, he wrote a book entitled “Tragic Experiences of Inner Mongolia”.

On April 22, 1998, “Tolbo” magazine of Mongolia published D. Muren’s “My Testimony”, insulting the Chinese Communist Party and its policies in ethnic minority autonomous regions, stating that “it is legitimate and inevitable for Inner Mongolia, Tibet, and Xinjiang to fight against the Chinese Communist Party for their own causes to gain democracy and freedom.”

On April 27, 1998, Xi Haiming telephoned Hada’s wife Xinna, and told her that he is going to hand in an open letter along with a list of Chinese dissidents’ names to the US president Clinton and German Chancellor Kohl.

On April 27, 1998, someone with the named of Honichinhuu from Colorado State of USA mailed out a propaganda material entitling “Free Mongolia” to Mongolian students of Department of Mongolian at Inner Mongolia University, Department of Mongolian at Inner Mongolia Normal University, Department of Grassland Administration at Inner Mongolian Institute of Animal Husbandry, and the Section of Translation at Inner Mongolian School of Mongolian Language. The document gave a detailed description of the demonstrations and protests being held in the United States by “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” as well as the slogans and places.

On May 1, 1998, Inner Mongolian separatists in the United States led by the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” turned in an open letter to the president Clinton. The letter insulted China carrying out large-scale persecutions and massacres against ethnic Mongols over the past 51 years, asked the US to uphold the justice, and urged president Clinton to give a pressure on Chinese government during his visit to China in the end of June for releasing Hada.

On May 31, 1998, separatists led by the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” member Altanbat, Tibetan separatist organization Toronto Branch member Tashi Gyaltsen and East Turkistan Human Rights Association member Arbajin-Bayart, gathered in the United States and held demonstration, issuing a joint statement to protest against the “Florida Splendid China” theme park owned and managed by China. They insisted that Genghis Khan was never a Chinese king; Potala is the palace of the Dalai Lama but not belonging to China; Tomb of Apak Hoja is Eastern Turkistan’s cultural heritage, and does not belong to China. Therefore, they insisted that these exhibitions should be removed immediately.

On October 28, 1998, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” held its second congress in Washington D.C. capital of the United States. Twenty four representatives from Inner Mongolia, Mongolia, United States, Canada, Japan, and Germany had attended the meeting. At the meeting, IMPP condemned the Chinese government’s continuing occupation and suppression in Inner Mongolia, calling on the international community to pay attention to Inner Mongolian human rights situation, urging the United States and other countries to give pressure on the Chinese government to release all political dissidents including Hada and Tegshi. During the congress, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”” reiterated its resolve and goal to fight for Inner Mongolian freedom, democracy, and human rights, and proposed to issuing publications, campaigning on the release of Hada and Tegshi, and establishing new branches of the party.

In October 1998, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” updated its website and published articles regarding Hada’s wife Xinna’s letter to President Clinton, sought from the United States government and the Congress, claiming that Xinna and her son were mistreated by the Chinese authorities.

November 1998, “A Mongolia Day” magazine in Mongolia published D. Muren’s interview “I will attack the Chinese embassy if they threaten me again”. “In my opinion, sometimes it is inevitable to use violence in our long-term struggle against the Han-Chinese,” D. Muren told the correspondent, “the Chinese are trying to occupy the vast territory of Mongolia because they are hungry for farm land”. “Several people threatened to kill me”, he revealed to the “Yellow News” in an interview, “it’s because I’m still in the position of director of the office of foreign affairs and media of Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance, and most of my information came through special channels”. “Southern Mongolia consists of the Chinese occupied Mongolian territories of Inner Mongolia, Huhnuur, and Xinjiang”.

In January 1999, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” published the article “Report on Chinese Government’s Human Rights Violation Against Ms. Toli” on the internet, and sent it out to human rights organizations around the world, claiming that the Chinese government deprived of Toli’s basic human rights and fundamental freedom.

In February 1999, Wei Jingsheng, Democratic Front leader Wan Runnan, Qi Mo and Democratic Alliance vice president Ren Feiliang, along with activists from Germany, England, France, and Denmark, gathered in Germany. Xi Haiming, president of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, attended this gathering. The gathering discussed as well as organized a lobbying to the United Nations Human Rights Committee conference in Geneva. Xi Haiming handed in “Inner Mongolian Human Rights report”, his book on ethnic minority situation in Inner Mongolia, to the human rights conference.

In March 1999, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” published article “Explosion of China by 2000”, written by one of its key members Altanbat. The article described two types of explosions that might take place: one is China’s possible invasion to its neighboring countries for relieving its internal pressure; the other is a total political and economic collapse as taken place in former Soviet Union.

In April 1999, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” started to publish a magazine, urging “Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance” members and supporters to contribute to it. The contents main covered China’s human rights problems, and particulary the suppression of ethnic minorities. Xinna eagerly responded to this and asked the members and supporters of “Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance” to take immediate action.

In April 1999, Xi Haiming delivered 1,000 US dollars to Xinna as expenditure for opening the bookstore and creating a reading club by which they attempted to disguise their communication, gathering, and propagating activities.

In April 1999, Mongolian Branch member of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” D. Muren has established a branch of the “Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance”, attempting to revitalize the already banned “Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance” and deepen its organizational notability and influence.

In April 1998, in order to widen its influence and deepen its ideological infiltration, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” started selling on the Internet T-shirts with party’s flag printed on.

On May 1, 1999, between 12:00 pm and 3:30 pm, members and supporters of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” held a demonstration protesting the Chinese government’s 52 years occupation of Inner Mongolia. They claimed that during the past 52 years the Mongols not only have experienced massacre and become a minority in their own land but also they faced cultural assimilation and religious suppression.

On May 15 and 16, 1999, the “Citizens Against Communist Chinese Propaganda” held a conference with the topic of “Exposing the Communist Chinese influence in America” at Orlando, Florida. “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” is the major sponsor of this conference. Inner Mongolian, Tibetan, Uyghur as well as Taiwanese separatists from Germany and the United States had a demonstration, shouting the slogans of “one Taiwan one China”, “free Inner Mongolia”, “Ginggis Khaan is not Chinese”, and “release Hada and Tegshi”.

On May 15, 1999, key member of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” Oyunbilig published “a tale of Mongol yurt” to attack the Chinese government’s policies toward ethnic minorities, and through its contents the article targeted our country’s ethnic minority exhibitions at “Florida Splendid China” theme park.

From June to July 1999, former vice president of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” Bache had constantly published articles on the Internet such as “One State, Two Systems and the Question of Ethnicity”, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party Politically Challenges the Chinese Communist Party” and “Difference of the Mongols and the Chinese” to insult the Chinese Communist Party’s policies toward ethnic minorities.

In July 1999, through the Internet, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” hired some talented and influential personnel such as lawyers and multi-linguals who have broad influences and close connections with international organizations.

In August 1999, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” instigated the Inner Mongols in abroad to write to the government, public security organs, procuratorial organs, and people’s courts of Inner Mongolia and the key leaders for the release of Hada and Tegshi. Gaining no success in that, they instigated the Inner Mongols at home to write to the United Nations, the United States government and the Congress as well as other international organizations for the release of Hada and Tegshi. They have published the pre-written petition on their website, asking the supporters to copy or write similar letters. Then, the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” collected the petitions and put them together before sending them to the United States government, Amnesty International, and other human rights organizations. They promised not to disclose information about the petitioners.

In August of the same year, former separatist organization “Demchegdongrov Association” changed its name to “Inner Mongolian Nationality Activities Association”. Its leader was D. Muren, leader of the Mongolian branch of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”.

On September 4, 1999, “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” held its third congress of its central committee in Princeton, the United States. Besides summing-up the activities during the past several years, the congress also re-organized the leadership structure of party. The new leadership included one president, one executive director, and no vice president and general secretary. Oyunbilig was elected as the first executive director of “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”; Xi Haiming the president; Huhnars the accountant of the Party. The tasks of the party for the coming years was organizing demonstrations, making news reports, and continually campaign for the release of Hada and Tegshi.

II. “World Mongolian Union”

September 13-20, 1993, Byambasuren, former prime minister of Mongolia, presided the World Mongolian Conference in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Over 250 Mongols who participated the conference came from 12 countries and regions including Mongolia, United States, France, Germany, Canada, Nepal, Russia’s Buriyat, Kalmykia, Tuva, and China’s Taiwan and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. At the conference, a standing body called “World Mongolian Union” was set-up.

1. Organizational Structure and Key Leaders

“World Mongolian Union” is an international nationality organization composed of multi-national members. At the “World Mongolian Conference”, Byambasuren was elected as the president of the union; N. Manduev, Deputy Chairman of cabinet of Buriyat republic in Russia, Kalmyk writer Dava Kugiltinov and Xi Muren, key member of the “Mongolian Cultural Association” are elected as vice presidents; former president of Mongolia’s “International Peace and Friendship Committee”, S. Ganbold, was elected as the executive director. The election also produced a 29-person executive committee including two Inner Mongols, and decided to set-up branches in countries and regions where Mongols reside.

2. Organizational Mission

Under the pretext of “revitalizing the Mongolian culture and improving the Mongolian economy”, in fact the “World Mongolian Union” was declaring to the world to gain the public support to prepare for achieving the independence and unification of the Mongols as Mongolia is the center, ultimately to found the “Great Mongolia”.

In 1995, Byambasuren stated that the mission of the “World Mongolian Union” is to obtain independence and unification of the Mongols around the world.

3. Main Activities:

After the “World Mongolian Conference”, Byambasuren planned immediately for the four major tasks of the Union at current stage: firstly, to establish the Inner Mongolian branch of “World Mongolian Union”; secondly, to strengthen the relationships with various individuals in Inner Mongolia; thirdly, to enhance the contacts with Taiwan’s “Commission of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs” as well as with the Dalai Lama; fourthly, to set-up an office at the United Nations.

In June 1995, a child organization of the “World Mongolian Union”, “Great Mongol Branch” has proposed the propagating material entitled “under the Mongol flag, on the heartland of the great Mongolia, flags of the Mongolian states will wave in the air around the world”, and clandestinely carried it into Inner Mongolia. The material states on the front page that “Our fellow Inner Mongolian youth should fight for independence, freedom, democracy, and self-governance of Inner Mongolia.”

In 1996, after Mongolian “Democratic Alliance” came into power, the “World Mongolian Union” became increasingly active and vigorously propagated its idea of creating the “Great Mongolian Empire”. In June of the same year, the Union started to plan for its activities in seeking the independence of Inner Mongolia. They drafted so-called “Guideline of Inner Mongolian Independence” entitled “The Last Choice of Inner Mongolia”. The “guideline” says, now the opportunity of gaining Inner Mongolian independence has already arrived, therefore, the main strategy of the movement is to create and strengthen relationships with Taiwanese, Tibetans, and the Uyghurs, to expand the national and religious influences in Inner Mongolia, propagate the idea of Inner Mongolian independence, and set-up underground organs in mainland China.

III. “Buryat Alliance”

1. Basic Situation:

Buryat Alliance, also known as “Shinehen Office”, was established and registered in February 1993 in Ulaan-ude, Buryat Republic of Russian Federation. It is mainly composed of the Buryat Mongols who were immigrated from Ewenk Autonomous Banner in Hulun-boir League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. The key leader is Dolma.

2. Historical Background:

In early May, 1992, Russian president Yeltsin sent a message to the Russians living in France, saying “your native country is Russia, and now situation is changed. The Russian government will issue Russian passports for you if you go back to your native country.” After that, Russian residents Dolgar and Handa who migrated from our region acted promptly, claiming that “the Buryat in China had moved from the former Soviet Union to the Shinehen region of Inner Mongolia’s Hulun-boir League in 1922 because of the October Revolution. Like the Russians who migrated to France, they should be qualified for the criteria of president Yeltsin.” They also proposed to establish a “Buryat Association” that will serve for Buryats, and planned to appoint the former vice president of Ewenk Autonomous Banner Archive Bureau, Dolma, who is a Russian resident, as in-charge. Meantime, during their visits to Inner Mongolia, the Buryats who migrated from our country to Russia claimed that “the Buryats willing to immigrate to Russia will be treated equally as citizens by the Russian government, and if they marry to Russian citizens, they will become Russian citizens immediately. An appropriate number of livestock and houses will be given to the Buryats who are resettled to rural areas, a residential district will be assigned to them, and free education and free medical treatment will be given to the new comers.” Under these instigation and enticement, an increasing number of Buryats applied for immigration to Russia from our region.

Because of the large number of immigrants to Russia, there spread tremendous harmful effects in Ewenk Autonomous Banner that brought an exploitable opportunity to the exiled separatists. Some opportunists from Ulaan-Ede and Aginsk Nationality District in Chita Stata have feverishly incited and added fuel to the flame. Some said, “the native country of the Buryats who are currently living in China is Russia. They are bitterly stricken by poverty, and the condition of their houses is worse than that of Russian cowsheds.” Under the name of the organization, Dolma and Handa have regularly visited back to China, spreading rumors to the Buryats, saying “it is better to move to Russia rather than living in poor China. At the current stage, Russia is experiencing difficulties, but still better than China. If the Buryats in China move to Russia, they will enjoy the preferential policy by the Russian government. They can become Russian citizens and equally enjoy all rights of the Russian citizens such as employment, free education and medical treatment.”

IV. “The Coordination Club of Southern Mongolian Revitalization Movement”

“Coordinating Club of Southern Mongolian Revitalization Movement” mainly consists of “Free Southern Mongolia Movement”, “Southern Mongolian Human Rights and Ecological Protection Alliance”, “Inner Mongolian Youth Center”, “Inner Mongolian Democratic Alliance”, “Southern Mongolian Religious and Cultural Revitalization Society”, “Duguilang Movement”, and coordinates all activities of the six organizations. This “Coordination Club”, founded in 1992, is composed of the key members of Mongolian and Inner Mongolian “Three Mongolian Unification” advocates. The main goal of the organization is to separate Inner Mongolia from China. Its key leaders are: Amguulang and Gendendarmaa, leaders of the “Three Mongolian Unification Committee”; D. Muren, the leader of “Inner Mongolian Youth Center”.

1. Organizational Mission:

1. As the coordinator of all Southern Mongolian opposition organizations, it is committed to contact and cooperate with all dissident organizations and individuals to internationalize the Inner Mongolian problems;

2. Call on the Southern Mongols to “revolt and resist the Chinese Communist Party’s suppression and assimilation policies in Inner Mongolia” by non-violence means;

3. Support the just struggles of Tibetans and the Chinese democratic movement;

4. Urge the Chinese Communist Party to stop carrying out the Han-Chinese Chauvinist red-terror policies in Inner Mongolia, and to release all dissidents who are currently being imprisoned in Inner Mongolia.

2. Main Activities:

(1)   To Attack the Chinese Communist Party’s “Han-Chinese Chauvinistic colonial policies” in Inner Mongolia to propagate Inner Mongolian sovereignty. Between July and September, 1992, this organization published articles on the publications of Mongolian democratic parties, insulting the Chinese Communist Party’s ethnic policies, exaggerated that China has used violence in Inner Mongolia, and propagated “the world democracy and the struggles of nations toward independence have brought great hope for Inner Mongolians who have long suffered from the Chinese suppression.”

(2)  Organizing activities protesting against Mongolian government’s policy of forcing the Inner Mongols to leave Mongolia. In 1992, Mongolian government made a decision to force the foreigners (including political activists who fled to Mongolia few years ago) who have overstayed their visas to leave the country within certain period of time. Amguulang and Gendendarmaa, leaders of the Club, claimed that they will organize protest and demonstrations if Mongolian government drives the Southern Mongolian brothers and sisters out. On August 29 and September 4, 1992, the Club gathered the leaders of six organizations including “Free Southern Mongolia Movement” to discuss countermeasures for the Mongolian government’s decision to deport the Inner Mongolians. Simultaneously, they took concrete measures to protect and help the Mongols from China. Except this, they have also worked on publicizing and internationalizing the Inner Mongolian issue.

V. “Prince De Association”

“Prince De Association” is a nationalist organization founded by D. Muren in Mongolia. When it was established, it has around 15 members of which five from Inner Mongolia and ten from Outer. Later on, discord occurred within the group, and as a result, Xi Haiming and Huhhad left the Association. D. Muren stayed in Mongolia to lead “Prince De Association”. The main goal of the organization is to save Inner Mongolia from the “Han-Chinese colonization”, and achieve the independence and unification of the Mongol nationality. The main task of the organization at current stage is to let people around the world to recognize, understand, and support the organization.

In April and May of 1998, the leaders of the organization visited the United States and England to lobby in order to propagate their idea of national unification. The organization gained enormous support from the Mongolian intelligence and some media, and it support also from the United States.

In 1999, “Prince De Association” renamed itself as “Association of Inner Mongolian National Movement”. Because “Prince De Association” lacked members and influence, it could not achieve success. Therefore, D. Muren contacted Xi Haiming to join the more influential organization – “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”.

In 2001, upon arriving Sweden with the help of international organizations, D. Muren swore to fight against the Chinese government to the end.

VI. “Three Mongolia Unification Committee”

The “Three Mongolia Unification Committee”, founded in the early 90’s, is a nationalist organization aiming at the “three Mongolias (Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Buryatia) unification”. The head of the organization is Chu. Amguulan.

On May 3, 1992, “Three Mongolian Unification Committee”, “League of Chinggis Khan’s Palace”, “Mongolian Youth Alliance”, “Buryat Alliance”, and “Prince De Association” held a clandestine meeting at the National Library of Mongolia, and called on all people of Mongol descend around the world to fight for the revitalization and unification of the Mongol nation. The meeting recognized that “Three Mongolia unification” needs to change the strategy, and mainly needs to advocate Ginggis Khan’s spirit; first to unify all Mongols in cultural and ideological areas, secondly to fight for Inner Mongolian and Buryat independence, finally to achieve the unification of three. Therefore, later, “Three Mongolia Unification Committee” changed its name to “World Mongolia Unification Task Force”.

Main Activities:

1.   Speed up to achieve the strategic aim of unifying the Mongols ideologically and culturally. To achieve this goal, the Committee has actively set up many cultural organizations to carry out its activities under the name of conducting researches on the Mongolian culture. For example, it has established the “International Center for Nomadic Culture” in Ulaanbaatar, and held a national scholarly conference in July 1999. In Germany, they also have set up “Mongolian Cultural Center” involving Mongolians from Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and other countries, and it currently has more than 30 members.

2.   Conduct the “Three Mongolia Unification” ideological propaganda. Amguulan, leader of the “Three Mongolia Unification Committee”, spent two months in Russia’s Tuva, Kalmykia and Buryatia to further propagate the “Three Mongolia Unification” idea in May and June, 1993. According to Amguulan, a large number of scholars and young students’ support for “Three Mongolia Unification” activities firmly laid the foundation of the movement. The Committee also proposed an on-foot travel through Mongolian historical sites, and the plan included passing through Bayannuur League, Alshaa League, and finally to reach Lhasa, Tibet.

3.   Proposed a bill to create a legal condition for the “Three Mongolia Unification” activities. Amguulan claims that the “Three Mongolia Unification Committee” is proposing to follow the example of Israel of showing special treatment to the Jews, to grant the Mongolian citizenship to the Mongols around the world to provide legal basis for the Mongolian reunion.

The Committee’s above activities gained strong support from Mongolians with social importance along with some Japanese. Former prime minister of Mongolia, Byambasuren, strongly supported the organization’s legal initiative. Specialists from the “Future Development Center” under the Japanese Jieitai (Self Defense Force) suggested that Japan will provide economic and other support to the Mongols when Mongolia claims unification with Inner Mongolia once there occurs chaos in China.

VII. “Association of World Mongolian Revitalization Movement”

On March 11, 1994, D. Muren and others founded the “Association of World Mongolian Revitalization Movement” in Ulaanbaatar.

Key members:

President: D. Muren;

Vice president: Harhuu;

Secretaries-general: J. Soyolt and Tegus-Ajuudar;

Secretary: Yalalt;

General advisor: Xi Haiming (Temtselt)

The Association has more than 20 members, and its key members have a clear work division:

D. Muren -- coordinator, in charge of drafting all articles and documents;

J. Soyolt -- in charge of daily operations and external contacts;

Harhuu -- in charge of recruiting members, managing financials and disseminating propaganda materials;

Yalalt -- assists Harhuu.

Other members are in charge of recruiting members in Inner Mongolia’s Ih-juu League, Bayannuur League, Huhhot City, and Xinjiang area.

The constitution of the Association is: to unite with Tibetan and Uyghur youth and ally with Han-Chinese democratic parties and individuals to create a multi-lateral coalition to overthrow the regime of communist party and to achieve the unification of the Mongol nationality, ultimately to found the “Pacific Eastern Great Mongol Empire” where the sun never sets.

Main activities:

1.    Attempted to establish an interim government in Mongolia. The Association sent someone to persuade Ochir, son of Prince De, to come to Mongolia in the form of seeking asylum to succeed to Prince De’s undertaking to create an interim government. Ochir initially agreed to this plan and wanted to go to Mongolia, but could not do so.

2.    Actively prepared for the independence of Inner Mongolian, Buryatia, and Kalmykia. From 1996 to 1997, the Association sent personnel to Russia’s Buryat and Kalmyk republics to spread the propaganda of revitalizing the Mongols and supporting the independence of Inner Mongolia, Buryatia, and Kalmykia, and finally to unify all those regions with Mongolia.

3.    Planned to organize an armed force. In 1994, the Association planned to organize an armed force, but later considering the reality of China, they recognized that violence would not be succeeded. Therefore, they decided to start from the ideology to vigorously propagate the national independence and unification of the Mongols, and organize armed force once the condition is presented.

4.    Sought support of the Dalai clique. The Association contacted the Mongolian Embassy to India and sent personnel to meet with the Dalai Lama who was visiting Mongolia. At the meeting, they introduced the Inner Mongolian ethnic problem, development of Buddhism, and the current situation of the Association to the Dalai Lama. The Dalai Lama encouraged them to do well.

5.     Established a relationship with the “World Christianity United Association”. The Association realized that the “World Christianity United Association” established by the South Koreans in Mongolia is an ideal organization for them to carry out many activities under the cover of religion, because the Korean association’s goal is consistent with that of the Mongolian one. Therefore, following the guidance of the South Korean “Association”, the Association established another organization called “Mongolian Association of World Peace Family”.

6.    Published propaganda materials. With the contribution from Taiwan, the Association set up a publishing house in Mongolia to publish the Association’s propaganda materials.

VIII. “World Mongolian Cultural Association”

In July 1995, D. Muren and others, in collusion with the Mongolian extreme nationalists such as the vice president of Mongolian Central Broadcasting, Badmaasambuu, established the “World Mongolian Cultural Association” and stipulated the “organizational constitution”. This association has already officially registered in Mongolia and obtained a legal status.

On July 5, 1995, the Association proposed to hold an 8-day long “Mongolian Cultural Conference” in Ulaanbaatar in order to commemorate 790 years anniversary of the founding of the “Mongolian Empire” by Chinggis Khan. The conference slogan was: to further unify the ideology and tradition of the Mongols to create a common environment for promoting, developing, and accumulating the Mongolian culture. In fact it is just to propagate the Mongolian nationality’s independence and current situation. In particular to emphasis on the situation in which the ethnic Mongols in Inner Mongolia have become the target of the assimilation, suppression, and deprivation of human rights, to discuss about the future development of the problems, draw attention of international community to the Mongol issue, and to gain supports for Association’s future activities. D. Muren was planning to distribute the “Constitution of World Mongolian Cultural Association” as well as articles from his book “Tragic History of Inner Mongolia” at the meeting. However, because of the small number of attendees, the conference was not able to be held.

IX. “Mongol Nationality Unification Movement”

In the beginning of 1991, former prime minister of Mongolian, Byambsuren and member of the Ih Hural (Congress) of Mongolia, Dashnyam, proposed to found the “Narmai Mongol” (Pan-Mongolia). In May 1993, a clandestine organization named “Narmai Mongol” was established in Ulaan-ude, capital city of Russia’s Buryat Republic.

In December 1996, this organization was renamed “Mongolian Nationality Unification Movement”, and in September 1997, it was legally registered in Mongolia. October of the same year, the organization published its declaration and slogan on the “Il Tovch”, a liberal newsletter issued by Mongolia Press Agency. In the end of the year, the organization’s leading body approved the “Proposal of Mongolian Nationality Unification Movement”. On February 1998, the organization publicly declared its being established.

Key members:

President: Gendendarmaa (philosopher);

Leading body members: 9 members including Gendendarmaa, Tsedempil (person in charge of the office of United Nations Commission on Human Rights in Mongolia), Bat-ochir (a veteran of Buryat Mongolian National Democratic Party and the president of Truth Movement Association), and professors and doctors from Mongolian Academy of Science and University of Ulaanbaatar. Mongolian military intelligence and frontier defense personnel, and some Inner Mongolians staying in Mongolia also joined the organization and participated in its activities.

Nature of the organization:

The organization states that the unification of Mongol nationality is the basic pledge of its own survival. Protecting and promoting Mongolian nationality’s history, culture, tradition, and life-style is the main goal of the organization. The great Mongolian unification is the core leading ideology of the organization. In order to achieve the unification of the Mongols, it will use any possible way to carry out the struggle.

Main activities:

1.   To create a consensus on national unification. Since 1998, key members of the organization have published articles on various papers to propagate the idea of “Mongolian national unification”. In the beginning of 1998, Tsedempil and D. Muren created a free newspaper named “Mongol Tolbo” (Mongolian Spot), and published on it a series of articles titled “Tragic History of Inner Mongolia”, which included more than 20 articles by nationalists and democratic party members, to vilify the Chinese Communist Party for carrying out “dictatorship rule” in Inner Mongolia. In March 1998, president of the organization Gendendarmaa continuously published articles on “Il Tovch” to spread the idea of establishing “Narmai Mongol”. In September 1998, Tsedempil had someone to translate “Human Rights Conventions” from English to traditional Mongolian script, and planned to use human rights problems to stimulate the national sentiment by distributing them in Inner Mongolia.

2.   Tried to form a government of pure Mongolian blood. The organization considered that establishing a government of pure Mongol blood is a crucial requirement for fulfilling the unification of Mongol nationality. Therefore, it is necessary to organize and establish an intelligence system to mainly investigate and gather information about Mongolian military and political leaders’ bloodline background. Meantime, in order to whip up public opinions for establishing a political regime of pure Mongol bloodline, the organization vigorously propagated its idea among the public.

3.   Actively expanded its organization into the borders of China and Russia. In 1998, the organization held a meeting in Ulaanbaatar, discussing about the blueprint of expanding its influence, for example, “strengthening the ties with Buryat and Inner Mongolia to expand into China and Russia”, and “protecting the Inner Mongolian exiles in Mongolia to expand the organizational power”, etc..

4.   In contact with Chinese democratic organizations. In April 1999, Chinese democratic organizations in exile sent personnel to discuss with “Mongolian Nationality Unification Movement” about establishing an ally. However, they could not reach agreement on establishing the ally due to their difference of opinions.

X. “World Mongolian Nationality United Movement”

“World Mongolian Nationality United Movement” was established in the 1990s in Mongolia. Its goal is to unite with the Mongols around the world to achieve the unification of the world’s Mongols through peaceful and legal means. Current president is Akim, and vice president Altanbat.

October 2000, this organization held a meeting in Ulaanbaatar with more than 60 attended, including members of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”. The meeting clearly stated that ideological education and propaganda work are the main tasks at current stage. Therefore it is necessary to actively carry out propaganda to influence the vast public in order to awakening the Mongols and arousing the spirit of independence and unification of the Chinggis Khan era. It is crucial to gather information regarding conflicts and problems of Chinese institutional reforms, unemployment, and corruption, and make a big fuss over the “open up the west”

Akim said, “China’s ‘open up the west’ is essentially not an open-up, but a large scale of plundering and occupation to the west. Because of the overcrowded population of the inland, China wants to transfer its population into western frontier’s minority regions, and ultimately to plunder minority regions’ natural resources and assimilate the ethnic minorities.”

Altanbat said, “We must fully utilize this issue to carry out our propaganda, deepening the hatred of the Mongols against the Han Chinese, instilling the idea of national independence and freedom into the people’s mind.”

The meeting decided to carry out massive propaganda, saying “the Chinese Communist Party is about to collapse and China will soon be in chaos. Therefore, we must give people full confidence and suggest the Mongols to prepare for the mentioned situation.”

The meeting also stressed to actively expand its organizational influence, and recruit members under the name of Christianity and spirit of Ginggis Khan. In Inner Mongolia, except Xinna’s organization, there will be another organization established to manage to send the young key members who have bright futures to Mongolia for further training.

The meeting confirmed its strategy of organizational activities, and mentioned to adjust its relationship with “Falun Gong” and other organizations. This organization decided to openly organize and participate various “three Mongolia” related cultural events, widely exchanging ideas, evoking national sentiment, actively propagating its proposals and goals, rallying and uniting the Mongol nationality, and calling on them to fight for the independence and unification of the Mongol nationality.

A key leader of the organization said, “Even the ‘Inner Mongolian People’s Party’ is not a global organization, but it is directly targeting China’s Inner Mongolia, and in terms of achieving national independence and unification, we have the common goal. Our ‘World Mongolian Nationality United Movement’ must support it.”

The Movement said the enormous force of “Falun Gong” which could overthrow the Chinese Communist Party is very helpful for the “Three Mongolia” unification. Therefore, it must develop friendly relationship with “Falun Gong” and seek supports from them, and simultaneously stay in touch with the Dalai Lama to have a broader united front.

November 2001, leader of the organization, Akim, and key member of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”, Altanbat, held a small scale meeting in Ulaanbaatar with separatists from Inner Mongolia to collude to gain the support of “Falun Gong”.

XI. “Mongol American Cultural Association”

This Association is composed of two types of people: one type of people are the Mongols who migrated from former Soviet Union after the World War II to the United States. Having a population of 3,000, these Mongols, also known as Kalmik Mongols, had lived in former Soviet Union before sought refuge with the Germany occupation army during the World War II, and later moved to the United States; the other type of people are the Mongols in the United States with the population of 1,000 originally from Taiwan and Mongolia (Inner and Outer).

President: Sanj Altan (New Jersey Congressman, USA, is a Kalmik Mongol);

Vice president: Erdeni (brother of Sanj Altan);

Vice president: Chengelt (his wife Yang Xiu Mei is a former actress with Ih-juu League Chorus, and is sister of Tenger);

Secretary-general: Erdenbat;

This association is the biggest behind-the-curtain supporter of the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”. The president Sanj Altan has regularly submitted draft resolutions regarding the Chinese government’s human rights violations to the United States Congress and international human rights organization, insisting on pan-Mongolism, advocating Inner Mongolian independence, and using his position of the United States congressman to incite the members of US Congress to make fusses over the Chinese human rights issues. On behalf of the world Mongols, the Association supported the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” activities and gave financial assistance to it under the name of a US non-governmental organization. The detailed work divisions are: the Mongol American Cultural Association is responsible for using human rights issues to attack China, expanding the international influence, as well as providing financial assistance to the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party”; the “Inner Mongolian People’s Party” is responsible for propagating Inner Mongolian independence and recruiting new members.

XII. “World Mongolian Movement”

Key leader:

Boldsaihan, born in 1963, a cardiologist at Hospital No. 3 of Mongolia. An MD, member of American Heart Association, official commissioner of National Academy of Science, USA, current is head of “World Mongolian Movement”.

Following is an excerpt from Boldsaihan’s interview given on July 6, 2002, regarding the initiative of “World Mongolian Movement”:

1.  One of the reasons initiating the “World Mongolian Movement” is that the a study on “Cultural Collision”, conducted by the United States Strategic Research Institute in 2000, suggested that by 2010 Mongolia will be annexed to China and there will be uprisings there against China. Many evidences such as the confidential documents of Chinese State Security Bureau, historical secret dossiers, Deng Xiao Ping’s last suggestion, and the book entitled “The Secret of Outer Mongolian Independence” described how to materialize the above mentioned prediction. This scheme has already started since a decade ago and consisted of the following phases, namely: controlling the Mongolian economic lifeline, making Mongolia China’s raw material supply base, influencing and controlling the Mongolian politics through economical and financial approach; denying its national culture and dignity; spreading the ideology which propagate that the Mongol nationality must be assimilated by the Han Chinese; constituting and implementing a policy to wipe out the Mongolian nomadic life-style, natural environment, and production mode that are naturally and socially tested and maintained for thousands of years; enacting land privatization laws and using them to occupy the Mongolian lands; sending large-scale of male immigrants and planting Han-Chinese descents into the leading positions of Mongolian political institutions, financial sectors, and military forces to seize and inherit powers in order to corrupt the Mongolian blood. Currently their plan is in progress. It is hard to say when (possibly by 2010 ?) the plan will come to an end. The plan might be in the process. Like this, they are trying to open up the chest of Mongolia and cut down the artery. Like a sheep thanking the owner for letting it to see the blue sky before the slaughter, should we wait for death silently? We have neither the history of bending our knees to the Chinese, nor the moral obligation to submit to them. Now, it is possible for the Kalmiks, Inner Mongols, Buryats, Kokonoor Mongols, and Hazara Mongols to unite with Mongolia to make concerted efforts.

2.  The goal of “World Mongolian Movement” is to arouse our national pride and dignity to let the Mongols recognize that our culture, economy, and politics are facing a threat, and to work together to seek a solution for saving the nation from the oppression of the others to make it a really independent country.

3.  In terms of the contact method, fortunately we have the internet which makes it easy to contact others across the globe. Our views can be posted on thousands of websites, and currently we are in regular contacts with the Mongolian citizens who work or study in Africa, Europe, and other regions, and communicating with the Mongols in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Buryatia, and Kalmykia via internet.

4.  Speech about the two neighboring countries of Mongolia:

The president of “World Mongolian Movement” Boldsaihan says, although Mongolia today is a small poor nation and China is a large and rich country, people like Indians, Aztecs, Incas, Huns, and Turks who have created the civilizations of American and Asian continents, and the Mongols who created the great civilization, great culture, great nationality, and great country of the Mongols, will never disappear from human history. In 2 century A.D. 551, and 1911—1938, our Mongol nation faced serious crisis. However, it did not bend its knee to others, instead like a spark starting a prairie fire, has miraculously survived the disasters with its internal power and resolve. We believe that 21 century will be the Mongolian century. There will be an era in which the Mongols and the Mongol nation will be free from oppression of any great power and enjoy the independence and sovereignty.

He also said, the development of Mongolia is not a simple matter. First of all, it should be a complex issue of political, economical, and cultural revitalization and social system. Currently, GDP of Mongolia is still under 1 billion US dollars, and as we know, even if there is a miracle making our GDP 20 billion US dollars, it is still hard to eliminate the poverty of our small nation within 50—100 years, making Mongolia continue to suffer from the control and oppression of the two powerful neighbors. Under this circumstance, almost no country has reached prosperity throughout the world history. The only avenue to make Mongolia equal to other nations and extricate it from the predicament is, on one hand, to carefully analyze the condition, chance, and risk of political investment to create a favorable environment for the political investment; on the other hand, to bring a quantitative change to the unified Mongolian culture, economy, and politics to have a great leap on the ideology and national sentiment of the Mongols. Israel, Japan, South Korea, Pakistan, Taiwan, and European countries have successfully been developed through this type of political investment. In the 20’s of 20^th century, Mongolia’s this type of investment reached 70% which ultimately laid the foundation of modern Mongolia.

Today, it is also not impossible for Mongolia to open up the new prospect of political investment. But, first of all, we need to have a detailed research on its risk and find a right timing to understand its benefits; secondly, why can’t we fight for our own cause? We should know that getting success or failure is our own business. Except the Mongols, most of the nationalities such as the Vietnamese and the Germans have already reached their unifications. North and South Korea will be unified soon too. No matter a nation, a nationality, or an individual, fate will not forgive them, and oppression, occupation, and assimilation from outsides will dominate them if they lose self-confidence.

Now, Mongolian leaders have fallen deep into the small trap of political self-interest, and have no time to think about the nation and nationality. Therefore, we need a core leader who can represent the national interest and mobilize the people. This leader was already born and in fact has grown up. He is the Prime Minister N. Enkhbayar. We hope he considers himself as not only an individual or a Party leader, but also a leader of the Mongol nationality who can consider problems at higher level and in greater depth. In the future, there will be more such leaders in Mongolia.

Certainly, our two powerful neighbors do not and never did hope Mongolia become a strong nation. But, Mongolia must not forget that thousands of millions of Khalkha, Buryat, Kalmyk, and Inner Mongols have shed their blood and laid down their life to gain the independence of present-day Mongolia by reclaiming the lost territory and people through political negotiations and political investments. It is absolutely possible for Khalkha, Buryat, Kalmyk, Inner Mongolia, Oirad, Kokonoor Mongolia, and Hazara Mongolia to exploit their potentials to fight for creating the unified greater Mongolia.

We have no need to hide the idea of unifying the Mongol nationality, because, for China, we are not claiming to cross over the Great Wall to seize Beijing, and for Russia, we are not saying to pass Ural Mountains to burn Moscow. We are just saying to unify the Mongols on our own Mongol territories and protect the independence and sovereignty of the Mongols. In fact, Russia should support the “World Mongolian Movement” because it is not harmful but beneficial to the national security and stability of Russia. For example, Russia can do nothing but nail-biting to the expanding Chinese influence in the Far East region. Distinguished scholar Gumilov said, “The biggest contribution to the world by the Mongols is that they have kept the Chinese inside the Great Wall for hundreds of years.” Even today, Mongolia can restrict and control the Chinese. We believe that many countries will provide us with political investments, for instance, the United States and Japan have the same view and particularly the United States will not disagree to limit the Chinese within the current state.

XIII. “Pan-Mongolia Movement”

Key members:

First president was Norjimaa Togtokh, current member of “Ih-Hural” (Congress); Second president was Mend Zena, late member of “Ih-Hural” (Congress);

Current president is Erdenbilig, from Erdendalai of Middle Gobi Aimag (province), Mongolia, nonpartisan. On September 6, 2002, as an independent, ran for the seat of deceased member Zena in the Mongolian Ih-Hural (Congress) Central province, No. 36 District.

The following is an excerpt of Erdenbilig’s interview on September 6, 2002, during the election:

(1) Why do emphasize that nationality and national security is the most important task for Mongolia today?

The reason is: the Manchu had been wiped out within a very short period of 90 years because they were controlled by the Chinese. If we are controlled by the Chinese, we will be facing the same fate of the Manchu, and Mongol nationality and Mongol nation will be assimilated and no longer existed. This is my point of emphasizing the nationality and national security. The only way to save the nation and the nationality from the crisis we face today or to find a solution to the so-called ‘crisis of transition’ named by news media is to promote patriotism, particularly to arouse nationalism to make the Mongols proud of their own nationality. Raising every individual’s sense of honor and responsibility to the nation and educating them with real history is extremely practical and beneficial for the future development and prosperity of the generations to come. A well-known person said that someone who does not know about the history of his or her own nationality is just like a monkey in the forest. In fact, today, the Mongols have a very similar situation. Therefore, restoring the reality of national history, particularly telling the undisguised history in which our southern neighbor has many time threatened our Mongol nationality and national security is the only way to protect our independence and national security. Since a decade ago, according to our research and statistics, nearly a hundred Han-Chinese descendents have played with the Mongolian politics. We must understand the seriousness of this problem, and purify the Mongolian government of these Han-Chinese bloods. This is my fighting goal for ten years. These years, I have explained this problem to whoever I met. I am who I am and who holds this kind of opinion. It is always true that the only way out of the current situation is to promote the patriotism and nationalism that I have always emphasized.

As early as in April 1991, our comrades who worried about the fate of our nation officially established the nationality unification movement called “Mongolian Think Tank Center”. Key members of the “Mongolian Think Tank Center” were: Historian Dr. Gunjiin Suhbaatar, writer S. Gandan (deceased), former general director Ulaanbaatar Police Department, Dr. A. Tseren-nadmid. During these years, I have worked for many non-governmental organizations whose main goal is to remind and warn the Mongols that large number of Chinese descendents have sneaked into our government and engaged in activities of damaging the security of our nation and our people since Mongolia became democratic nation no matter which Party came into power.

(2) The reason why I don’t feel lonely when I run for the election as an independent:

Currently the overwhelming majority of the Ih-Hural (Congress) members are People’s Revolutionary Party members. Don’t you feel lonely when you run for election as an independent?

When I was vice president of the “Mongolian Think Tank Center” during 1990—1991, I have attended the Second People’s Congress as an observer in 1990. At that time, the number of the Congress members was 430, and among them, the Traditional Nationality Party member and the famous poet Ochirbatiin Dashbalbar fought alone, but he never felt lonely. During my decade-long fight, I have made many good friends in various Parties. I have also many friends who support my ideas in the current Congress. Therefore, I never feel alone. During a decade, I personally have had dissenting opinions on many laws approved by the Ih-Hural (Congress), for example, during the enforcement of our current “Civil Law”. Some cases were not handled in conformity with legal provisions, considering somebody as Khalkha or Buryat Mongols even though they clearly know that their mother or father is Chinese. If I am elected, I will propose a bill and get it approved by the Ih-Hural (Congress) to completely eliminate this kind of phenomena in accordance with the law. It is evident that a powerful force of Chinese descendents in Mongolia is threatening our national security. The Office of Overseas Chinese, a special organ managed by the Chinese Foreign Ministry has always kept very close relationships with the Chinese abroad. Not only in Mongolia, but also in other countries, this organ always implements the Chinese national policy of using the Chinese in abroad. I believe the Chinese government’s [assimilation] policy is being systematically implemented in Mongolia through this organ. For the details on this issue, please read the magazine edited and published from 1980 through 1990 by N. Osk of former Soviet Union. My election program is already published on the “Buuts” newspaper and distributed 5,000 copies. I hope our voters will read its every sentence carefully, and hope the Mongolian parents will educate their kids to build up a strong sense of patriotism and nationalism. This only can guarantee and protect the future of our Mongolian nationality.

(3) Main ideas of the election program and its partial contents:

Erdenbilig states in his election program that if it is necessary, make an amendment to the Constitution to fight for a strong presidential system; urge every citizen and every official to try their best to do their jobs to restore the law and order of the society; in accordance with the fact that there are endless religious conflicts in the world because of the religious difference, we should fight for banning the religions except Buddhism from engaging the missionary works; lay emphasis on establishing industries and infrastructures, improve the citizen’s living standard, and tirelessly fight for creating jobs for the unemployed; fully support to boost small businesses whose earnings account for the largest portion of our national income; abolish the modus operandi which makes the people unemployed, and stoutly fight for the interest of senior citizens; stop the recent years illegal activities of vilifying others and attacking their reputations under the name of democracy and free speech, and fight for improving the law enforcement and handling cases in conformity with legal provision; ban the spreading of horror and porno videos and movies that will pollute the eyes of the public; considering the fact that many criminals refuse to mend their ways despite of repeated admonitions, add the Mongolian traditional punishments for the criminals such as wooden sandal as new provisions to the Criminal Law; legally ban using the naive nature of the kids to have big parties for children’s graduate ceremony to extravagantly wine and dine, and consider this as a criminal activity which is not only harmful to children’s health but also an economical burden for majority of poor families.

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